1.1概述

　　電子(zi)皮(pi)帶秤是(shi)在皮(pi)帶輸(shu)送(song)機輸(shu)送(song)物料過程中對物料進(jin)行(xing)連續自動稱(cheng)重的一種計量設備，其特點(dian)是(shi)稱(cheng)量過程為連續和自動進(jin)行(xing)，通常(chang)不需要操(cao)作(zuo)人員的干預就可以完(wan)成稱(cheng)重計量操(cao)作(zuo)。

　　1、超長(chang)的計量段(duan)長(chang)度

　　實踐(jian)證明稱重托輥數量(liang)的增加，計量(liang)長(chang)(chang)度的加長(chang)(chang)有助于電(dian)子皮帶秤精度的提高

　　2、自由浮動式稱重橋架

　　皮(pi)帶(dai)秤高(gao)精度(du)測(ce)量(liang)的(de)關鍵(jian)是稱(cheng)重橋架將皮(pi)帶(dai)上(shang)的(de)物料重量(liang)全(quan)部(bu)、準確的(de)傳遞給稱(cheng)重傳感器(qi)，傳遞過程沒有任何干(gan)擾力(li)。目前(qian)，多托輥皮(pi)帶(dai)秤秤架結構(gou)有單杠桿式(shi)、雙杠桿式(shi)、懸浮(fu)式(shi)等多種結構(gou)形式(shi)，稱(cheng)重傳感器(qi)與秤架的(de)連接多采(cai)用剛性連接，其(qi)中多數設有水平力(li)、側向力(li)限(xian)位裝置，這種限(xian)位連接形式(shi)存在一定的(de)限(xian)制力(li)、結構(gou)內(nei)應(ying)力(li)，該限(xian)制力(li)、結構(gou)內(nei)應(ying)力(li)無(wu)法很好(hao)釋(shi)放，容易產(chan)生過定位，干(gan)擾了重力(li)的(de)準確測(ce)量(liang)，特別是小(xiao)重力(li)或重力(li)變(bian)化(hua)小(xiao)的(de)情況，干(gan)擾影響(xiang)尤為突出，無(wu)法提(ti)供高(gao)精度(du)的(de)稱(cheng)重計量(liang)。

　　八(ba)托(tuo)(tuo)輥皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋架(jia)，采用(yong)獨創的(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由(you)(you)(you)浮動(dong)(dong)平衡(heng)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)，安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)在皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)輸送(song)機(ji)機(ji)架(jia)上(shang)；承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)梁(liang)二端處裝(zhuang)有(you)兩個(ge)(ge)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，兩個(ge)(ge)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)承(cheng)力部位結(jie)(jie)構(gou)為圓柱形(xing)，分(fen)別通過萬(wan)(wan)向(xiang)關(guan)節(jie)(jie)與(yu)托(tuo)(tuo)棍支(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)梁(liang)相(xiang)連，兩根(gen)托(tuo)(tuo)棍支(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)梁(liang)通過兩根(gen)連接梁(liang)相(xiang)連形(xing)成(cheng)整(zheng)體(ti)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋架(jia)。稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋架(jia)上(shang)相(xiang)對于承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)梁(liang)對稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)裝(zhuang)有(you)二組稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)托(tuo)(tuo)輥支(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)，支(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)托(tuo)(tuo)輥將皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)料重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)遞給(gei)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。由(you)(you)(you)于該稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋架(jia)僅(jin)通過兩個(ge)(ge)萬(wan)(wan)向(xiang)關(guan)節(jie)(jie)與(yu)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)相(xiang)連，所以整(zheng)體(ti)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋架(jia)是(shi)(shi)可(ke)以繞兩個(ge)(ge)萬(wan)(wan)向(xiang)關(guan)節(jie)(jie)自(zi)由(you)(you)(you)浮動(dong)(dong)，各(ge)種干涉或(huo)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)內(nei)應力均不(bu)存在，稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋架(jia)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)托(tuo)(tuo)輥將皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)料重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)全部、準(zhun)(zhun)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)遞給(gei)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，完成(cheng)高精(jing)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)計量(liang)。解決(jue)了目(mu)前市場(chang)上(shang)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)準(zhun)(zhun)確(que)而(er)實際使用(yong)偏差大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題，也(ye)解決(jue)了傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)因稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋架(jia)金屬(shu)疲勞造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)頻繁(fan)，校(xiao)而(er)不(bu)準(zhun)(zhun)、作業流量(liang)變化帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)來誤差增大(da)（線性差）等問(wen)題。正是(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)(you)于浮衡(heng)秤(cheng)架(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由(you)(you)(you)浮動(dong)(dong)平衡(heng)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)，稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋架(jia)自(zi)由(you)(you)(you)浮動(dong)(dong)與(yu)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)連接，無限位裝(zhuang)置、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)力環(huan)節(jie)(jie)少(shao)、測重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)準(zhun)(zhun)確(que)可(ke)靠，計量(liang)精(jing)度高；由(you)(you)(you)于兩個(ge)(ge)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)裝(zhuang)于承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)梁(liang)兩端，所以具有(you)抗(kang)偏載能(neng)力強、適應皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)輸送(song)機(ji)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)寬大(da)、帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)速高等特(te)點(dian)(dian)；稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋架(jia)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)簡(jian)單(dan)，安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)方便，不(bu)需(xu)維護，是(shi)(shi)高精(jing)度皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)輸送(song)機(ji)計量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最佳設備。新設計保(bao)證了皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)零點(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)長期穩(wen)定性，簡(jian)化了皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)序(xu)，一(yi)般只需(xu)一(yi)次(ci)零點(dian)(dian)觀測，不(bu)需(xu)要向(xiang)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)一(yi)樣多次(ci)修正零點(dian)(dian)，節(jie)(jie)約作業時間，減少(shao)了運營(ying)成(cheng)本。

　　3、皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)外部(bu)影響(xiang)因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)綜合(he)檢(jian)(jian)測——位置差(cha)補(bu)償技術(shu)基于皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)輸送(song)機頭(tou)部(bu)皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)張力(li)*大愈(yu)向其尾部(bu)皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)張力(li)愈(yu)小的(de)(de)(de)特(te)性，研(yan)究(jiu)發現通過(guo)安裝在輸送(song)機不同位置的(de)(de)(de)二組皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)架由(you)于安裝點的(de)(de)(de)皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)張力(li)不同導致(zhi)相同物料重(zhong)量(liang)通過(guo)二組皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)架檢(jian)(jian)測到的(de)(de)(de)物料重(zhong)量(liang)值(zhi)不同。

　　進一步的(de)研究發現A處(chu)到(dao)(dao)N處(chu)的(de)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)差(cha)的(de)大小反應A處(chu)到(dao)(dao)N處(chu)之間皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)軟(ruan)硬度及張力(li)狀(zhuang)態(tai)。如(ru)果皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)秤物料校(xiao)準時記(ji)錄此時的(de)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)重(zhong)量位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)差(cha)，那(nei)么皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)秤運行時檢測到(dao)(dao)的(de)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)重(zhong)量位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)差(cha)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)是否意味著(zhu)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)的(de)軟(ruan)硬度及張力(li)狀(zhuang)態(tai)也在變(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)秤稱量精度，實踐驗證(zheng)此推論(lun)成立。通(tong)過位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)差(cha)理(li)論(lun)可以找到(dao)(dao)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)軟(ruan)硬度變(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)張力(li)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)對稱量精度影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)的(de)解決方案。

　　4、皮帶秤運行參數的自動補償

　　通過檢測皮(pi)帶(dai)秤(cheng)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)準時(shi)的位(wei)置差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)與正常運行(xing)時(shi)位(wei)置差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)，得到偏(pian)離(li)誤差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)。此偏(pian)離(li)誤差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)反應了(le)(le)皮(pi)帶(dai)軟(ruan)硬度(du)及張(zhang)力的變(bian)化狀況，利用偏(pian)離(li)誤差(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)修(xiu)正皮(pi)帶(dai)秤(cheng)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)準時(shi)獲得的量程(cheng)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)準數，使用修(xiu)正后的量程(cheng)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)準數用于稱(cheng)量，補償了(le)(le)皮(pi)帶(dai)軟(ruan)硬度(du)及張(zhang)力變(bian)化對(dui)稱(cheng)量精(jing)度(du)的影響，保(bao)證了(le)(le)皮(pi)帶(dai)秤(cheng)的長期穩定性。國(guo)內知  名衡器專家對(dui)此項技(ji)術評價為“皮(pi)帶(dai)秤(cheng)長期穩定性技(ji)術的重大突破”。

　　5、增加了皮(pi)帶秤計量(liang)的(de)冗(rong)余(yu)

　　此外高精度(du)維(wei)穩秤還采用(yong)了(le)三計(ji)(ji)(ji)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)技術，使(shi)一組皮(pi)帶秤具有(you)(you)三組累計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)：一組主累計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和兩組輔助累計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。兩組輔助累計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)進行實時在線比(bi)對(dui)，如發(fa)現輔助累計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)超差，則對(dui)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)感(gan)器輸(shu)出進行比(bi)對(dui)判別，確(que)定(ding)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)感(gan)器是否(fou)有(you)(you)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)或(huo)異(yi)常，且將有(you)(you)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)或(huo)異(yi)常稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)感(gan)器的(de)一組輔累計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)加以隔離，采用(yong)另外一組正常的(de)輔助累計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)代替主累計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。此時皮(pi)帶秤稱(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)工作不中斷，系(xi)統繼續(xu)運行。從而保證(zheng)在皮(pi)帶秤的(de)某一稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)感(gan)器有(you)(you)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)或(huo)異(yi)常時，系(xi)統仍可(ke)以進行可(ke)靠(kao)的(de)計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。大大提高了(le)皮(pi)帶秤運行的(de)可(ke)靠(kao)性和計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)精度(du)的(de)準(zhun)確(que)性，從而避免由于稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)感(gan)器發(fa)生故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)或(huo)異(yi)常造成計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)不準(zhun)產生嚴(yan)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)經濟損失。