1.1概述

　　電子皮(pi)帶(dai)秤(cheng)是在皮(pi)帶(dai)輸(shu)送機輸(shu)送物(wu)料過程(cheng)中(zhong)對物(wu)料進(jin)行(xing)連續自動稱(cheng)重(zhong)的一種計量(liang)設備(bei)，其特點是稱(cheng)量(liang)過程(cheng)為連續和(he)自動進(jin)行(xing)，通常不(bu)需要(yao)操作(zuo)人(ren)員的干預就可以完成稱(cheng)重(zhong)計量(liang)操作(zuo)。

　　1、超(chao)長的計量段長度

　　實踐證明稱重托輥(gun)數量(liang)的(de)增加，計(ji)量(liang)長度(du)的(de)加長有(you)助于(yu)電子(zi)皮(pi)帶秤精度(du)的(de)提高

　　2、自由(you)浮(fu)動式稱重(zhong)橋(qiao)架

　　皮(pi)帶秤(cheng)(cheng)高精度測量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵是(shi)稱(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋架將(jiang)皮(pi)帶上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)物料(liao)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)全部、準(zhun)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)傳遞給(gei)稱(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳感器，傳遞過程沒(mei)有任何干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)力(li)(li)。目前，多托輥(gun)皮(pi)帶秤(cheng)(cheng)秤(cheng)(cheng)架結(jie)構(gou)有單杠桿(gan)式(shi)、雙杠桿(gan)式(shi)、懸浮式(shi)等多種結(jie)構(gou)形(xing)式(shi)，稱(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳感器與秤(cheng)(cheng)架的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)接多采(cai)用剛性連(lian)接，其中多數設有水平力(li)(li)、側向力(li)(li)限(xian)位裝置，這種限(xian)位連(lian)接形(xing)式(shi)存(cun)在一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)限(xian)制力(li)(li)、結(jie)構(gou)內應(ying)力(li)(li)，該(gai)限(xian)制力(li)(li)、結(jie)構(gou)內應(ying)力(li)(li)無(wu)法(fa)很好釋放，容易產生過定(ding)位，干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)了重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)準(zhun)確(que)測量(liang)，特別是(shi)小重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)力(li)(li)或重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)力(li)(li)變化小的(de)(de)(de)情況，干(gan)(gan)擾(rao)影響尤為突出，無(wu)法(fa)提供高精度的(de)(de)(de)稱(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)計量(liang)。

　　八托(tuo)輥皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋(qiao)架(jia)(jia)，采(cai)用(yong)獨創的(de)(de)自由(you)(you)浮動(dong)(dong)平(ping)衡結構，安裝(zhuang)在皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)輸送機機架(jia)(jia)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)；承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)梁(liang)二端處裝(zhuang)有(you)(you)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器，兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器承(cheng)力(li)部位結構為圓柱形(xing)，分(fen)別通過萬(wan)向(xiang)關(guan)節(jie)(jie)與(yu)托(tuo)棍(gun)支架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)相連(lian)(lian)，兩(liang)(liang)根(gen)(gen)托(tuo)棍(gun)支架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)通過兩(liang)(liang)根(gen)(gen)連(lian)(lian)接梁(liang)相連(lian)(lian)形(xing)成(cheng)整體(ti)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋(qiao)架(jia)(jia)。稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋(qiao)架(jia)(jia)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)相對于(yu)(yu)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)梁(liang)對稱(cheng)(cheng)裝(zhuang)有(you)(you)二組(zu)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)托(tuo)輥支架(jia)(jia)，支架(jia)(jia)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)托(tuo)輥將皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)物料重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)遞給稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器。由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)該稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋(qiao)架(jia)(jia)僅(jin)通過兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)萬(wan)向(xiang)關(guan)節(jie)(jie)與(yu)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器相連(lian)(lian)，所(suo)(suo)以整體(ti)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋(qiao)架(jia)(jia)是(shi)可(ke)以繞兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)萬(wan)向(xiang)關(guan)節(jie)(jie)自由(you)(you)浮動(dong)(dong)，各種干(gan)涉(she)或結構內應力(li)均不(bu)(bu)存在，稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋(qiao)架(jia)(jia)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)托(tuo)輥將皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)物料重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)全部、準(zhun)確(que)的(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)遞給稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器，完成(cheng)高(gao)精(jing)度(du)的(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)。解決了(le)目前(qian)市場上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)校(xiao)準(zhun)準(zhun)確(que)而實際(ji)使(shi)用(yong)偏差大的(de)(de)問(wen)題，也(ye)解決了(le)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)因稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋(qiao)架(jia)(jia)金屬(shu)疲勞造成(cheng)的(de)(de)校(xiao)準(zhun)頻(pin)繁，校(xiao)而不(bu)(bu)準(zhun)、作業流量(liang)(liang)變化帶(dai)(dai)(dai)來誤差增大（線性差）等問(wen)題。正(zheng)是(shi)由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)浮衡秤(cheng)(cheng)架(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)自由(you)(you)浮動(dong)(dong)平(ping)衡結構，稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋(qiao)架(jia)(jia)自由(you)(you)浮動(dong)(dong)與(yu)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器連(lian)(lian)接，無限位裝(zhuang)置、傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)力(li)環節(jie)(jie)少、測(ce)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)準(zhun)確(que)可(ke)靠，計(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)精(jing)度(du)高(gao)；由(you)(you)于(yu)(yu)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)(ge)稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器裝(zhuang)于(yu)(yu)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)梁(liang)兩(liang)(liang)端，所(suo)(suo)以具有(you)(you)抗偏載(zai)能力(li)強、適應皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)輸送機帶(dai)(dai)(dai)寬大、帶(dai)(dai)(dai)速(su)高(gao)等特點(dian)；稱(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)橋(qiao)架(jia)(jia)結構簡單(dan)，安裝(zhuang)方便，不(bu)(bu)需維護，是(shi)高(gao)精(jing)度(du)皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)輸送機計(ji)(ji)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)最(zui)佳設備。新設計(ji)(ji)保(bao)證了(le)皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)零(ling)(ling)點(dian)的(de)(de)長期(qi)穩(wen)定性，簡化了(le)皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)程序，一般只需一次零(ling)(ling)點(dian)觀測(ce)，不(bu)(bu)需要向(xiang)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統皮(pi)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)一樣多(duo)次修正(zheng)零(ling)(ling)點(dian)，節(jie)(jie)約(yue)作業時間，減(jian)少了(le)運營成(cheng)本(ben)。

　　3、皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)外部(bu)影響因素的綜合檢測——位置(zhi)差補償技術基于(yu)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)輸送機(ji)頭(tou)部(bu)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)張(zhang)力*大(da)愈向(xiang)其尾部(bu)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)張(zhang)力愈小的特(te)性(xing)，研(yan)究發(fa)現通(tong)過(guo)安(an)(an)裝在輸送機(ji)不同(tong)(tong)位置(zhi)的二(er)組(zu)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)架(jia)由于(yu)安(an)(an)裝點的皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)張(zhang)力不同(tong)(tong)導致相同(tong)(tong)物料(liao)重(zhong)量通(tong)過(guo)二(er)組(zu)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)架(jia)檢測到的物料(liao)重(zhong)量值不同(tong)(tong)。

　　進一步的(de)研究發現A處(chu)(chu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)N處(chu)(chu)的(de)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)差(cha)的(de)大(da)小反(fan)應A處(chu)(chu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)N處(chu)(chu)之間皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶的(de)軟(ruan)硬(ying)度(du)(du)及張力(li)狀態(tai)。如(ru)果皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶秤(cheng)物(wu)料校準時(shi)記(ji)錄(lu)此(ci)時(shi)的(de)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶重量(liang)(liang)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)差(cha)，那么皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶秤(cheng)運行(xing)時(shi)檢測到(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶重量(liang)(liang)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)差(cha)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)是(shi)否意味著皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶的(de)軟(ruan)硬(ying)度(du)(du)及張力(li)狀態(tai)也在變(bian)(bian)化(hua)影(ying)響(xiang)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶秤(cheng)稱量(liang)(liang)精度(du)(du)，實踐驗證此(ci)推論成立。通(tong)過位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)差(cha)理論可以找(zhao)到(dao)(dao)(dao)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶軟(ruan)硬(ying)度(du)(du)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)、皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶張力(li)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)對稱量(liang)(liang)精度(du)(du)影(ying)響(xiang)的(de)解決方案。

　　4、皮帶秤運(yun)行參數(shu)的自動補償

　　通過檢測皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)秤校準時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置差(cha)與正(zheng)常運行時(shi)位(wei)置差(cha)，得到偏離誤差(cha)。此偏離誤差(cha)反(fan)應了(le)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)軟硬度及(ji)張(zhang)(zhang)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)變化狀況，利(li)用(yong)偏離誤差(cha)修正(zheng)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)秤校準時(shi)獲得的(de)(de)(de)量程校準數，使用(yong)修正(zheng)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)量程校準數用(yong)于稱(cheng)量，補償了(le)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)軟硬度及(ji)張(zhang)(zhang)力(li)(li)變化對稱(cheng)量精度的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，保證了(le)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)秤的(de)(de)(de)長期(qi)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)。國內知  名(ming)衡器(qi)專(zhuan)家對此項技術(shu)評價為(wei)“皮(pi)(pi)(pi)帶(dai)秤長期(qi)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)重大突破”。

　　5、增加了皮(pi)帶秤(cheng)計量的冗余

　　此(ci)外高(gao)精度維穩(wen)秤(cheng)(cheng)還采用了三計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)稱(cheng)重(zhong)技術，使一(yi)組(zu)皮帶(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)具有(you)三組(zu)累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)：一(yi)組(zu)主(zhu)累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)和(he)兩組(zu)輔(fu)助(zhu)累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)。兩組(zu)輔(fu)助(zhu)累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)進行(xing)實時在(zai)線比對(dui)(dui)，如發現(xian)輔(fu)助(zhu)累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)超差，則對(dui)(dui)稱(cheng)重(zhong)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)輸出進行(xing)比對(dui)(dui)判別，確(que)定稱(cheng)重(zhong)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)否有(you)故(gu)障或(huo)異(yi)常(chang)，且將有(you)故(gu)障或(huo)異(yi)常(chang)稱(cheng)重(zhong)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)的一(yi)組(zu)輔(fu)累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)加以隔離，采用另外一(yi)組(zu)正常(chang)的輔(fu)助(zhu)累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)代(dai)替主(zhu)累(lei)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)。此(ci)時皮帶(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)稱(cheng)量(liang)工作不(bu)中斷(duan)，系(xi)(xi)統繼續運行(xing)。從而(er)保(bao)證(zheng)在(zai)皮帶(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)的某一(yi)稱(cheng)重(zhong)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)有(you)故(gu)障或(huo)異(yi)常(chang)時，系(xi)(xi)統仍可以進行(xing)可靠(kao)的計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)。大大提(ti)高(gao)了皮帶(dai)秤(cheng)(cheng)運行(xing)的可靠(kao)性(xing)和(he)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)精度的準(zhun)確(que)性(xing)，從而(er)避免由于稱(cheng)重(zhong)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)發生(sheng)故(gu)障或(huo)異(yi)常(chang)造(zao)成(cheng)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)不(bu)準(zhun)產(chan)生(sheng)嚴重(zhong)的經濟損(sun)失。